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Bitwise operations API documentation
Version: alpha
| FUNCTION | |
|---|---|
| bit.tobit() | normalize number to the numeric range for bit operations |
| bit.tohex() | convert number to a hex string |
| bit.bnot() | bitwise not |
| bit.bor() | bitwise or |
| bit.band() | bitwise and |
| bit.bxor() | bitwise xor |
| bit.lshift() | bitwise logical left-shift |
| bit.rshift() | bitwise logical right-shift |
| bit.arshift() | bitwise arithmetic right-shift |
| bit.rol() | bitwise left rotation |
| bit.ror() | bitwise right rotation |
| bit.bswap() | bitwise swap |
Functions
bit.tobit()
bit.tobit(x)
Normalizes a number to the numeric range for bit operations and returns it. This function is usually not needed since all bit operations already normalize all of their input arguments.
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number to normalize |
RETURNS
y |
number | normalized number |
EXAMPLES
print(0xffffffff) --> 4294967295 (*) print(bit.tobit(0xffffffff)) --> -1 printx(bit.tobit(0xffffffff)) --> 0xffffffff print(bit.tobit(0xffffffff + 1)) --> 0 print(bit.tobit(2^40 + 1234)) --> 1234
bit.tohex()
bit.tohex(x,n)
Converts its first argument to a hex string. The number of hex digits is given by the absolute value of the optional second argument. Positive numbers between 1 and 8 generate lowercase hex digits. Negative numbers generate uppercase hex digits. Only the least-significant 4*|n| bits are used. The default is to generate 8 lowercase hex digits.
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number to convert |
n |
number | number of hex digits to return |
RETURNS
s |
string | hexadecimal string |
EXAMPLES
print(bit.tohex(1)) --> 00000001 print(bit.tohex(-1)) --> ffffffff print(bit.tohex(0xffffffff)) --> ffffffff print(bit.tohex(-1, -8)) --> FFFFFFFF print(bit.tohex(0x21, 4)) --> 0021 print(bit.tohex(0x87654321, 4)) --> 4321
bit.bnot()
bit.bnot(x)
Returns the bitwise not of its argument.
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise not of number x |
EXAMPLES
print(bit.bnot(0)) --> -1 printx(bit.bnot(0)) --> 0xffffffff print(bit.bnot(-1)) --> 0 print(bit.bnot(0xffffffff)) --> 0 printx(bit.bnot(0x12345678)) --> 0xedcba987
bit.bor()
bit.bor(x1,[x2...])
Returns the bitwise or of all of its arguments. Note that more than two arguments are allowed.
PARAMETERS
x1 |
number | number |
[x2...] |
number | number(s) |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise or of the provided arguments |
EXAMPLES
print(bit.bor(1, 2, 4, 8)) --> 15
bit.band()
bit.band(x1,[x2...])
Returns the bitwise and of all of its arguments. Note that more than two arguments are allowed.
PARAMETERS
x1 |
number | number |
[x2...] |
number | number(s) |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise and of the provided arguments |
EXAMPLES
printx(bit.band(0x12345678, 0xff)) --> 0x00000078
bit.bxor()
bit.bxor(x1,[x2...])
Returns the bitwise xor of all of its arguments. Note that more than two arguments are allowed.
PARAMETERS
x1 |
number | number |
[x2...] |
number | number(s) |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise xor of the provided arguments |
EXAMPLES
printx(bit.bxor(0xa5a5f0f0, 0xaa55ff00)) --> 0x0ff00ff0
bit.lshift()
bit.lshift(x,n)
Returns the bitwise logical left-shift of its first argument by the number of bits given by the second argument. Logical shifts treat the first argument as an unsigned number and shift in 0-bits. Only the lower 5 bits of the shift count are used (reduces to the range [0..31]).
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number |
n |
number | number of bits |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise logical left-shifted number |
EXAMPLES
print(bit.lshift(1, 0)) --> 1 print(bit.lshift(1, 8)) --> 256 print(bit.lshift(1, 40)) --> 256 printx(bit.lshift(0x87654321, 12)) --> 0x54321000
bit.rshift()
bit.rshift(x,n)
Returns the bitwise logical right-shift of its first argument by the number of bits given by the second argument. Logical shifts treat the first argument as an unsigned number and shift in 0-bits. Only the lower 5 bits of the shift count are used (reduces to the range [0..31]).
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number |
n |
number | number of bits |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise logical right-shifted number |
EXAMPLES
print(bit.rshift(256, 8)) --> 1 print(bit.rshift(-256, 8)) --> 16777215 printx(bit.rshift(0x87654321, 12)) --> 0x00087654
bit.arshift()
bit.arshift(x,n)
Returns the bitwise arithmetic right-shift of its first argument by the number of bits given by the second argument. Arithmetic right-shift treats the most-significant bit as a sign bit and replicates it. Only the lower 5 bits of the shift count are used (reduces to the range [0..31]).
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number |
n |
number | number of bits |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise arithmetic right-shifted number |
EXAMPLES
print(bit.arshift(256, 8)) --> 1 print(bit.arshift(-256, 8)) --> -1 printx(bit.arshift(0x87654321, 12)) --> 0xfff87654
bit.rol()
bit.rol(x,n)
Returns the bitwise left rotation of its first argument by the number of bits given by the second argument. Bits shifted out on one side are shifted back in on the other side. Only the lower 5 bits of the rotate count are used (reduces to the range [0..31]).
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number |
n |
number | number of bits |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise left-rotated number |
EXAMPLES
printx(bit.rol(0x12345678, 12)) --> 0x45678123
bit.ror()
bit.ror(x,n)
Returns the bitwise right rotation of its first argument by the number of bits given by the second argument. Bits shifted out on one side are shifted back in on the other side. Only the lower 5 bits of the rotate count are used (reduces to the range [0..31]).
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number |
n |
number | number of bits |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise right-rotated number |
EXAMPLES
printx(bit.ror(0x12345678, 12)) --> 0x67812345
bit.bswap()
bit.bswap(x)
Swaps the bytes of its argument and returns it. This can be used to convert little-endian 32 bit numbers to big-endian 32 bit numbers or vice versa.
PARAMETERS
x |
number | number |
RETURNS
y |
number | bitwise swapped number |
EXAMPLES
printx(bit.bswap(0x12345678)) --> 0x78563412 printx(bit.bswap(0x78563412)) --> 0x12345678