答: 对, Defold 引擎与编辑器和所有功能完全免费. 没有暗扣费, 手续费和使用权费用. 完全免费.
答: Defold 基金会 的一大目标就是让 Defold 软件能够被世界上所有开发者免费使用并且源码也是公开免费的.
答: 我们承诺维护 Defold. Defold 基金会 的成立就是为了保证 Defold 能够被持续维护. 我们不会放弃.
答: 必须值得信赖. Defold 已被越来越多的职业开发者和工作室所采用. 可以参考位于 游戏展示页 上的用 Defold 开发的各种样例.
答: 我们的网站和 Defold 编辑器会使用匿名回报一些数据用以提升我们的服务和产品质量. 你编译出版的游戏里不带任何用户跟踪 (除非你自己加入分析服务功能). 详情请见我们的 隐私政策.
答: Defold 由 Ragnar Svensson 和 Christian Murray 开发. 他们从2009年就开始了游戏引擎, 编辑器和配套服务的开发. King 和 Defold 在2013年建立了合作关系然后并于2014年获得 Defold. 详情请见 这里.
答: 可以! 游戏引擎纯 3D. 然而, 工具都是针对 2D 游戏设计的, 所以 3D 游戏工具你得自己开发. 提升 3D 支持的计划进行中.
答: Defold 项目游戏逻辑基本使用 Lua 语言 (特指 Lua 5.1/LuaJIT, 详情请见 Lua 教程). Lua 是一种强大快速的动态语言. 同时也支持使用原生 (C/C++, Objective-C, Java 和 JavaScript等) 语言来扩展 Defold 引擎功能. 自定义材质, 使用 OpenGL ES SL 语言编写的顶点和片元着色程序.
答: 下表列出了编辑器工具与游戏引擎运行环境的支持情况:
| 系统 | 支持 |
|---|---|
| macOS 10.7 Lion | 编辑器与游戏引擎 |
| Windows Vista | 编辑器与游戏引擎 |
| Ubuntu 18.04 (64 bit)(1) | 编辑器 |
| Linux (64 bit)(2) | 游戏引擎 |
| iOS 8.0 | 游戏引擎 |
| Android 4.1 (API level 16) | 游戏引擎 |
| HTML5 | 游戏引擎 |
(1 编辑器在 64-bit Ubuntu 18.04 平台上通过编译和测试. 其他版本应该同样可以运行但是未经过测试.)
(2 游戏引擎在大多数 64-bit Linux 版本上只要更新显卡驱动支持 OpenGL ES 2.0 的基本都能运行.)
答: 可以一键发布 任天堂 Switch, iOS, Android 和 HTML5 游戏, 外加 macOS, Windows 和 Linux 游戏. 真正的一套代码平台通用.
A: Defold 在 HTML5 中使用 WebGL, iOS 和 macOS 中使用 Metal, 其他平臺中使用 Vulkan 或者 OpenGL ES 2.0. 作爲開發者只需要關心可編程渲染管綫所支持的一種渲染 API 即可.
答: 点击菜单栏 “About” 项. 弹出窗口详细列出了 Defold 版本号, 和文件哈希 SHA1. 对于游戏引擎版本, 调用 sys.get_engine_info() 获取.
最新测试版位于 http://d.defold.com/beta 可以查看 http://d.defold.com/beta/info.json (正式版同样也有: http://d.defold.com/stable/info.json) 文件获取最新版本信息.
答: 调用 sys.get_sys_info() 获取.
A: The editor will use up to 75% of the available memory of the system. On a computer with 4 GB of RAM this should be enough for smaller Defold projects. For mid-sized or large projects it is recommended to use 6 GB or more of RAM.
A: Yes. The Defold beta editor checks for an update at startup, just like the Defold stable version does.
A: This error is related to problems with Java assistive technology such as the NVDA screen reader. You probably have an .accessibility.properties file in your home folder. Remove the file and try launching the editor again. (Note: If you do use any assistive technology and require that file to be present then please reach out to us at info@defold.se to discuss alternative solutions).
Discussed here on the Defold forum.
A: Check if there are spaces in the path leading up to the Defold application. For instance, if you put the folder Defold-macosx containing the macOS version of the editor in your Applications folder, then you should be ok. If you rename the folder Defold macosx the editor might not start anymore. On Windows, putting Defold under C:\Program Files\ can trigger this problem. This is due to a known bug in the underlying Eclipse framework.
A: This exception occurs when the editor tries to make an https connection but the certificate chain provided by the server cannot be verified.
See this link for details on this error.
A: Change the scaling factor before running Defold. source
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface scaling-factor 2
A: Start the editor like this:
$ GTK_CSD=0 ./Defold
A: On certain distributions (like Ubuntu 18) there is an issue with the version of jogamp/jogl Defold uses vs. the version of Mesa on the system.
See the following reports for more information:
If this is your problem try the following workaround:
$ export MESA_GL_VERSION_OVERRIDE=2.1
$ ./Defold
And if that doesn’t work then try (or some other version number matching your driver and larger than or equal to 2.1):
$ export MESA_GL_VERSION_OVERRIDE=3.1
$ ./Defold
A: On certain distributions there is an issue with the new Mesa drivers (Iris) when running Defold. You can try using an older version when running Defold:
$ export MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=i965
$ ./Defold
A: Check the console output in the editor. If you get the following message:
dmengine: error while loading shared libraries: libopenal.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Then you need to install libopenal1. The package name varies between distributions, and in some cases you might have to install the openal and openal-dev or openal-devel packages.
$ apt-get install libopenal-dev
A: Yes, set the immersive_mode setting in the Android section of your game.project file. This lets your app take over the whole screen and capture all touch events on the screen.
A: Android detects that you try to install the app with a new certificate. When bundling debug builds, each build will be signed with a temporary certificate. Uninstall the old app before installing the new version:
$ adb uninstall com.defold.examples
Success
$ adb install Defold\ examples.apk
4826 KB/s (18774344 bytes in 3.798s)
pkg: /data/local/tmp/Defold examples.apk
Success
A: In some cases it is not possible to run a game in the browser locally from the filesystem. Running from the editor serves the game from a local web server. You can, for instance, use SimpleHTTPServer in Python:
$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer [port]
A: This usually happens when you are using Windows and make a build and commit it to Git. If you have the wrong line-ending configuration in Git it will change your line endings and thus also the data size. Follow these instructions to solve the problem: https://docs.github.com/en/free-pro-team@latest/github/using-git/configuring-git-to-handle-line-endings
A: Make sure that you are using the same bundle identifier in your Defold project as you used in the Xcode project when you generated the mobile provisioning profile.
A: From Inspect the entitlements of a built app:
$ codesign -d –ent :- /path/to/the.app
A: From Inspecting a profile’s entitlements:
$ security cms -D -i /path/to/iOSTeamProfile.mobileprovision
A: This error can happen on computers using AMD Radeon GPUs. Make sure to update your graphics drivers.
A: One of the objectives of the Defold Foundation is to make sure that the Defold software is available to developers world-wide and that the source code is available free of charge. The Defold Foundation will never compromise on this objective, but in this case access to the Nintendo Switch SDK, tools and resources is strictly controlled by Nintendo. This means that the source code for the Nintendo Switch platform implementation in Defold, including the editor and command line tools, can not be made available. This also means that the Defold Foundation is unable to receive community contributions to the code and documentation and it is the foundation which must provide all of the support and updates to the platform for as long as it is required to. The Nintendo Switch access fee will help ensure that the foundation has the resources necessary to support the platform.
A: You will be able to create application bundles directly from both the Defold editor and command line tools. Information about how to test on Nintendo Switch hardware will be provided to you when you are given access to the Nintendo Switch platform.
A: Yes, all of the standard Defold API functions are available also for the Nintendo Switch platform. In addition to the standard functionality you will also have access to a couple of Nintendo Switch specific functions, but in general the code should be able to remain exactly the same across multiple platforms.
答: 提交游戏时, Apple 为广告商提供了3种 IDFA 用例:
如果选择第一个, 编辑会在你的游戏里找广告. 如果没找到, 游戏很可能会被拒. Defold 本身不使用广告商id.
答: Defold 支持游戏内付费和多种广告服务. 最新相关信息详见 资源中心的盈利类目.
答: 如果二次编译不通过很肯能由你最后做的改动导致. 从菜单栏选择 Project > Rebuild And Launch 试试.
答: 有. Defold 里叫 集合. 它能帮助建立储存游戏内容为树形结构以便在编辑器或者游戏运行时创建实例. 对于 GUI 节点类似结构称为 GUI 模板.
答: 有一种可能是因为父级游戏对象是一个文件引用. 对于父子结构的游戏对象来说它们的位移关系通过 场景结构 表达. 没有被加入到场景里的游戏对象无法于其他对象建立父子关系.
答: 父子关系除了场景结构中表现相对位移以外别无其他特别之处. 如果需要跟踪子对象状态无需时刻向所有子对象发送消息. 这种情况下你需要使用 Lua 编写数据结构.
答: 这被称作 “边缘出血” 现象, 渲染精灵对象的时候把纹理旁边的一些像素也加入进来了. 解决办法是用纹理边缘的像素再扩充一圈. 好在 Defold 编辑器有工具能自动做这件事. 尝试打开图集并且设置 Extrude Borders 的值为 1.
A: 精灵默认着色程序包含 “tint” 属性:
local red = 1
local green = 0.3
local blue = 0.55
local alpha = 1
sprite.set_constant("#sprite", "tint", vmath.vector4(red, green, blue, alpha))
答: z值表示深度方向的遮挡关系. z值小的位于z值大的游戏对象前面. 默认渲染程序的z值范围是 -1 到 1, 此范围之外的不被渲染. 关于渲染脚本详情请见 渲染教程. 对于 GUI 节点来说z值毫无作用. 节点的遮挡顺序取决于树形结构 (以及层次设置). 关于用户界面节点的渲染详情请见 GUI 教程.
答: 不影响性能但是影响精度. z缓存是一种对数结构靠近 0 差别明显, 远离 0 差别不明显. 比如说, 用 24 位缓存 10.0 对比 10.000005 区别明显但是 10000 对比 10005 区别不明显.
答: 实际上一致. 编辑器和游戏API使用角度制. 数学计算库使用弧度制. 目前对于物理 angular_velocity 是个例外使用了弧度制. 以后可能会矫正.
答: 作为顶点着色形状渲染, 注意其性能消耗.
答: 引擎对所有资源都有引用计数. 一旦引用为0则资源自动被释放.
答: 游戏引擎设计模式基于组件. 可以建立一个不可见游戏对象把声音组件放入然后需要播放时给它发消息即可.
答: 一般资源都是静态声明随意管理的. 可以使用 资源属性 来修改与组件关联的资源.
答: 目前尚未支持.
答: 有, 要在 game.project 里设置 physics.debug 项. (参见 项目设置教程)
答: Defold 包含的是 Box2D 略微修改版本, 所以性能应该和原版差不多. 可以使用 调试器 跟踪物理碰撞数量. 确保用对碰撞对象. 比如静态碰撞对象性能高些. 详情请见 Defold 的 物理教程.
答: 这取决于粒子效果是否正在播放. 没有播放的粒子效果不消耗性能. 播放中的粒子效果性能消耗取决于其配置情况, 可以用调试器来观察. 粒子效果的内存消耗基本上取决于项目设置的 max_count 数.
答: 每个集合都有自己的输入栈. 输入从主集合通过代理组件传递到被载入集合里的游戏对象. 换句话说仅游戏对象获得输入焦点是不够的, 那个代理组件 所在的 游戏对象同样需要获得输入焦点. 详情请见 输入教程.
答: 没有. Defold 只有 哈希 类型的脚本属性. 用来表示枚举, 表示状态, 表示各种类型都没问题. 而且游戏对象的 id (路径) 也是用其 url 属性的哈希来保存, 遇到这样的属性时编辑器会自动建立相关路径弹框供你选择. 详情请见 脚本属性教程.
答: 使用 mymatrix.m11, mymatrix.m12, mymatrix.m21 之类的属性可以访问内部数据.
Not enough resources to clone the node 的错误信息?
答: 增加gui组件的 Max Nodes 值. 在大纲视图gui根节点的属性面板上就能看到.
答: 可以! 论坛有一个 “Work for hire” 类目. 能充实社区论坛的所有信息都欢迎, 这里可以发布求职广告.
答: 为避免 “Work for hire” 类目论坛被爆, 至少14天内不许再加广告 (除非有人回复找你, 此时你可以立即回复这个人). 14天内, 只能通过更新帖子的方式加入新内容.
答: 可以, 自己找! 招聘也行求职也行, 比如 “程序员找美工; 高价求不差钱”.